有五个哲学家，他们的生活方式是交替地进行思考和进餐。哲学家们公用一张圆桌，周围放有五把椅子，每人坐一把。在圆桌上有五个碗和五根筷子，当一个哲学家思考时，他不与其他人交谈，饥饿时便试图取用其左、右最靠近他的筷子，但他可能一根都拿不到。只有在他拿到两根筷子时，方能进餐，进餐完后，放下筷子又继续思考。

01.#include
02.#include
03.
04.#define P(S) WaitForSingleObject(S, INFINITE) //P操作
05.#define V(S) ReleaseSemaphore(S, 1, NULL)
06.#define NUMBERS 5 //叉子个数
07.typedef HANDLE Semaphore; //信号量原型
08.Semaphore chopstick[5];
09.Semaphore mutex; //定义一个互斥量
10.Semaphore room;
11.char *philosophers[5] = {"哲学家1 ", "哲学家2 ", "哲学家3 ", "哲学家4 ", "哲学家5 "};
12.char *str[] = {"得到左手边的筷子", "得到右手边的筷子", "得到一双筷子，开始吃饭!", "饭吃完了，该开始思考问题了"};
13.
14.DWORD WINAPI philosopher(LPVOID lParam); //线程函数声明
15.void main()
16.{
17. HANDLE hThread[NUMBERS]; //线程句柄
18. DWORD ThreadID[NUMBERS]; //线程ID
19.
20. //初始化信号量
21. mutex = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 1, 1, "mutex");
22. if(!mutex)
23. cout<<"创建信号量失败"<<endl;
24. for (int i=0; i<5; i++)
25. {
26. chopstick[i] = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 1, 1, NULL);
27. if(!chopstick[i])
28. cout<<"创建信号量失败"<<endl;
29. }
30. for (i=0; i<NUMBERS; i++)
31. {
32. hThread[i] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)philosopher, (LPVOID *)&i, 0, &ThreadID[i]);
33. if (!hThread[i])
34. {
35. cout<<"创建线程失败"<<endl;
36. }
37. WaitForSingleObject(hThread[i], 5000);
38. }
39.}
40.
41.DWORD WINAPI philosopher(LPVOID lParam)
42.{
43. int i = *(int *)lParam;
44. while (true)
45. {
46. P(mutex);
47. P(chopstick[i]);
48. cout<<philosophers[i]<<str[0]<<endl;
49. P(chopstick[(i+1)%5]);
50. cout<<philosophers[i]<<str[1]<<endl;
51. cout<<philosophers[i]<<str[2]<<endl;
52. V(chopstick[i]);
53. V(chopstick[(i+1)%5]);
54. cout<<philosophers[i]<<str[3]<<endl<<endl;
55. Sleep(1000); //整个吃饭过程大约一秒时间
56. V(mutex);
57. }
58. return 0;
59.}